The history of glass is a long and interesting one, starting at least as far back as the 2nd century BC, possibly even further back than that. The introduction of glass blowing nearly a thousand years later essentially revolutionised glass production, and has led to the production of many types of glass, crystal glass and glassware. Each of these types of glass is made differently, and each have different purposes to which they are better suited.

The most common type of glass, the one we see every day in windows, mirrors, and household products, is called soda (or soda lime) glass; this type is most used because of the relatively low cost of manufacturing. Soda glass is made by combining white sand (silica), sodium carbonate (soda) and lime; the powders are melted to form a liquid, which is then formed (either by moulds or blowing) into the desired shape and allowed to harden.

Crystal glass, commonly referred to as lead crystal, is made of the same raw materials as soda glass; however, lead oxide is added to the molten glass in order to produce a more brilliant finish. The higher the percentage of lead oxide, the heavier and more brilliant the crystal will be.

Coloured glassware (common in homes) is made by adding certain minerals or pigments to the molten glass; each mineral provides a different shade; for example, cobalt makes glass blue.

Glass, crystal glass and glassware are something people tend to take for granted, but the subject is really fascinating. Follow these links to learn more.